Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most important comorbidities for patients with
diabetes, and its incidence has exceeded one tenth, with an increasing trend. Studies have …

Heart failure (HF) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) frequently coexist; 1 comorbidity
worsens the prognosis of the other. HF is responsible for almost half the deaths of patients …

Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a health burden of rising importance. Slowing
progression to end stage kidney disease is the main goal of drug treatment. The aim of this …

With expanding evidence for benefit with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in
patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 1 heart failure with mildly …

Some of the most common conditions affecting people are kidney diseases. Among them,
we distinguish chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. Both entities pose serious …

Heart failure (HF) is a complex, multifactorial, progressive clinical condition affecting 64.3
million people worldwide, with a strong impact in terms of morbidity, mortality and public …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease. As
kidney function declines, the presence of left ventricular abnormalities increases such that …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of both ischaemic and
haemorrhagic stroke compared with the general population. Both acute and chronic kidney …

Heart failure (HF) is associated with a high morbidity and mortality burden. In light of more
recent evidence, SGLT2 inhibitors are currently recommended as first-line therapy in …

Diabetic patients have a two-to four-fold increase in the risk of heart failure (HF), and the co-
existence of diabetes and HF is associated with poor prognosis. In randomized clinical trials …