Despite contrary research findings, many laypeople still claim that starting second language
(L2) instruction early yields linguistic advantages. This assertion is again undermined by a 5 …

We examined the development of 3 executive function (EF) components—inhibition,
updating, and task shifting—over time in monolingual and bilingual school-age children. We …

We analyzed the effects of bilingualism and age on executive function. We examined these
variables along a continuum, as opposed to dichotomizing them. We investigated the impact …

Many educators and policy makers look to two-way dual language immersion as one of the
most promising options to close achievement gaps for English learners. However, the …

The notion of bilingual advantages in executive functions (EF) is based on the assumption
that the demands posed by cross-language interference serve as EF training. These training …

Increasing evidence suggests that language switching is a distinct form of bilingual
language control that engages cognitive control. The most relevant and widely discussed …

Early research that relied on standardized assessments of intelligence reported negative
effects of bilingualism for children, but a study by Peal and Lambert (1962) reported better …

The question of whether bilingual language experience confers a cognitive advantage is still
open. Studies report that putative bilingual advantages can be accounted for by individual …

The debate concerning a potential bilingual cognitive advantage is ongoing but has turned
to focus on understanding factors modulating the appearance of bilingual effects. The …

Effective communication in multilingual environments requires bilinguals to constantly
monitor linguistic cues. It is hypothesized that the constant need to monitor may result in …