Importance Despite women composing half of current medical school classes, surgical
specialties still struggle to attract and retain women. Even after successful recruitment into …

Men have long been the dominant force in surgery, particularly in cardiothoracic surgery,
and this has resulted in a tradition of a masculine culture that is not receptive to women. As a …

Importance Women in medicine have been underrepresented at medical conferences;
however, contributing factors have not been well studied. Objective To examine the …

Objective To characterize gender-related differences between the values and salary
expectations of US urology residents. Methods We analyzed 2016-2018 American …

Background Increased attention has been dedicated to gender inequity at scientific
meetings. This study evaluated the gender distribution of session leaders at cardiothoracic …

PURPOSE To describe gender representation at 8 national ophthalmology conferences,
stratified by role, session category, and subspecialty. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional …

Abstract Background The American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) has
one of the lowest percentages of women members among orthopedic surgery subspecialty …

Background: Gender disparities in academic promotion and leadership are well
documented. Scholarly impact is essential for promotion. The Hirsch-index (h-index) is a …

Background Women are disproportionately underrepresented in American academic
surgery and surgical society leadership; we investigated the proportion of speaking roles …

Objective To examine trends in the representation of women in plenary panels at the
American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Meeting. Methods A review of all plenary …