Neurons in the inferior temporal cortex (IT) of the macaque fire more strongly to some
shapes than others, but little is known about how to characterize this shape tuning more …

Perceptual and cognitive content is thought to be represented in the brain by patterns of
activity across populations of neurons. In order to test whether a computational model can …

Object similarity, in brain representations and conscious perception, must reflect a
combination of the visual appearance of the objects on the one hand and the categories the …

Object vision in human and nonhuman primates is often cited as a primary example of adult
plasticity in neural information processing. It has been hypothesized that visual experience …

The unique circuitry of the hippocampus is thought to support the encoding and retrieval of
context-rich episodic memories. Given the neuroanatomical differences between the …

Neuroimaging research over the past 20 years has begun to reveal a picture of how the
human visual system is organized. A key distinction that has arisen from these studies is the …

The application of machine learning methods to neuroimaging data has fundamentally
altered the field of cognitive neuroscience. Future progress in understanding brain function …

Functional imaging studies in humans and monkeys have shown category-selective regions
in the temporal cortex, in particular for faces and bodies. Although the body-selective …

Considerable research has been devoted to understanding the fundamental organizing
principles of the ventral visual pathway. A recent study revealed a series of 3–4 …

Visual categories group together different objects as the same kinds of thing. We review a
selection of research on how visual categories are learned. We begin with a guide to visual …