The maintenance of “public” or “common good” producers is a major question in the
evolution of cooperation. Because nonproducers benefit from the shared resource without …

Helping, ie behaviour increasing the fitness of others, can evolve when directed towards kin
or reciprocating partners. These predictions have been tested in the context of food sharing …

Cooperation is integral to much of biological life but can be threatened by selfish
evolutionary strategies. Diverse cooperative traits have evolved among microbes, but …

Most microbial communities change with time in response to changes and/or perturbations
in environmental conditions. Temporal variations in interspecies metabolic interactions …

Background Microbes engage in a remarkable array of cooperative behaviors, secreting
shared proteins that are essential for foraging, shelter, microbial warfare, and virulence …

Hamilton's inclusive fitness theory provides a leading explanation for the problem of
cooperation. A general result from inclusive fitness theory is that, except under restrictive …

How can the stunning diversity of social systems and behaviours seen in nature be
explained? Drawing on social evolution theory, experimental evidence and studies …

Recent game-theoretic simulation and analytical models have demonstrated that
cooperative strategies mediated by indicators of cooperative potential, or “tags,” can invade …

Studies of eusocial invertebrates regard complex societies as those where there is a clear
division of labour and extensive cooperation between breeders and helpers. In contrast …

Inclusive fitness theory, summarised in Hamilton's rule, is a dominant explanation for the
evolution of social behaviour. A parallel thread of evolutionary theory holds that selection …