Oil palm wastes (OPWs) are important biomass resources, and approximately 127 million
tons of OPWs are generated from the oil palm industry annually in Malaysia. The scientific …

For a bio-economy establishment, understanding the energy consumption needs to produce
solid biofuels is a key point. Herein, olive tree pruning was treated by both dry (pyrolysis and …

Torrefaction encourages homogeneity and enhances the energy-producing capabilities of
biomass. In the current study, bean husk (BH) and sesame stalks (SS) were torrefied for 30 …

The torrefaction of lignocellulose biomass was conducted to produce biochar with properties
compatible with coal. Two lignocellulose biomasses, pearl millet (PM) and walnut shell …

In this study, nitrogen-containing chemicals and nitrogen-rich biochar were prepared using
ammonia (NH 3) torrefaction pretreatment technology. The effects of temperature and …

Derived from bio-drying of municipal organic wastes (MOWs), biodried products (BPs) are
normally accepted as carbon-neutral and renewable energy sources. In this study …

Biodried products (BPs), derived from municipal organic wastes (MOWs), are generally
accepted as carbon-neutral and renewable energy sources. To upgrade their combustion …

Walnut oil production waste (WOPW) is a by-product of walnut oil processing. The organic
waste is rich in holocellulose and lignin, showing good potential to be converted by thermal …

This study used several statistical analyses to explore the impact of both inert and oxidative
conditions on the characteristics of biochar derived from the torrefaction of spent coffee …

Flue gas torrefaction (FGT) is a promising pretreatment to improve the fuel properties of
municipal solid waste (MSW). A synergistic effect between paper, wood and PVC was …