In addition to constituting the genetic material of an organism, DNA is a tracer for the
recognition of foreign pathogens and a trigger of the innate immune system. cGAS functions …

Since the discovery of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) as an important pivot for
cytosolic DNA sensation and interferon (IFN) induction, intensive efforts have been …

Ubiquitination is a highly conserved and fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM) in
all eukaryotes regulating thousands of proteins. The RING (really interesting new gene) …

Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent
bonds on the backbones or amino acid side chains of proteins and expand the diversity of …

The SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro), which has deubiquitinating activity,
suppresses the type I interferon (IFN-I) antiviral response. We investigated the mechanism …

The cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a critical role in antiviral
immunity and autoimmunity. The activity and stability of cGAS are fine-tuned by post …

A harmonized balance between positive and negative regulation of pattern recognition
receptor (PRR)-initiated immune responses is required to achieve the most favorable …

Sensing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA is mediated by the cyclic
GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling axis. Signal …

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an endoplasmic-reticulum resident protein, playing
essential roles in immune responses against microbial infections. However, over-activation …

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) binds to microbial and self-DNA in the cytosol and
synthesizes cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which activates stimulator of interferon genes …