The redshifted 21 cm line is an emerging tool in cosmology, in principle permitting three-
dimensional surveys of our universe that reach unprecedentedly large volumes, previously …

The Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) is an ideal instrument to conduct deep extragalactic
surveys. It has a large field of view and is sensitive to large-scale and compact emission. It …

We report upper limits on the Epoch of Reionization 21 cm power spectrum at redshifts 7.9
and 10.4 with 18 nights of data (∼ 36 hr of integration) from Phase I of the Hydrogen Epoch …

ABSTRACT A new upper limit on the 21 cm signal power spectrum at a redshift of z≈ 9.1 is
presented, based on 141 h of data obtained with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). The …

The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) is a deep 120–168 MHz imaging survey that will
eventually cover the entire northern sky. Each of the 3170 pointings will be observed for 8 h …

We present the first limits on the Epoch of Reionization 21 cm H i power spectra, in the
redshift range z= 7.9–10.6, using the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) High-Band Antenna …

ABSTRACT LOFAR, the Low-Frequency Array, is a powerful new radio telescope operating
between 10 and 240 MHz. LOFAR allows detailed sensitive high-resolution studies of the …

Observations of the redshifted 21-cm hyperfine line of neutral hydrogen from early phases of
the Universe such as Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization promise to open a new …

The redshifted 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen is a promising probe of the epoch of
reionization (EoR). However, its detection requires a thorough understanding and control of …

In the context of next-generation radio telescopes, like the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), the
efficient processing of large-scale data sets is extremely important. Convex optimization …