Large-scale genome-wide association studies conducted over the last decade have
uncovered numerous genetic variants associated with cardiometabolic traits and risk factors …

Importance Mendelian randomization (MR) is a statistical approach that has become
increasingly popular in the field of cardiovascular disease research. It offers a way to infer …

This paper provides guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations. It is
aimed at practitioners seeking to undertake analyses and write up their findings, and at …

The cost of drug discovery and development is driven primarily by failure, with only about
10% of clinical programmes eventually receiving approval,–. We previously estimated that …

Importance Clinical trial data have called into question the efficacy of thiazide diuretics for
the prevention of kidney stones. Objective To identify whether there is an association …

Background Hip minimum joint space width (mJSW) provides a proxy for cartilage thickness.
This study aimed to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of mJSW to (i) …

Background Mendelian randomization (MR), ie, instrumental variable analysis using genetic
instruments, is increasingly used in epidemiologic investigations to improve causal …

Phenotypic heterogeneity at genomic loci encoding drug targets can be exploited by
multivariable Mendelian randomization to provide insight into the pathways by which …

The MendelianRandomization package is a software package written for the R software
environment that implements methods for Mendelian randomization based on summarized …

(1) Background: Observational studies associate vitamin D deficiency with muscle disorders,
while some clinical trial data support a minor association between the vitamin and skeletal …