The growing literature on gender inequality in academia attests to the challenge that awaits
female researchers during their academic careers. However, research has not yet …

Background: Well-designed clinical research needs to obtain information that is applicable
to the general population. However, most current studies fail to include substantial cohorts of …

Background. Spatial epidemiology has emerged as an important subfield of epidemiology
over the past quarter century. We trace the origins of spatial epidemiology and note that its …

Background: Despite advances in the representation of women in medical training, women
continue to be underrepresented in cardiology, academic medicine, and more specifically, in …

Considerable attention has focused on studying reviewer agreement via inter-rater reliability
(IRR) as a way to assess the quality of the peer review process. Inspired by a recent study …

Importance Women have made substantial advancements in academic surgery, but
research funding disparities continue to hamper their progress, and current literature on the …

We synthesized the vast, contradictory scholarly literature on gender bias in academic
science from 2000 to 2020. In the most prestigious journals and media outlets, which …

Research shows that a diverse faculty improves academic, clinical, and research outcomes
in higher education. Despite that, persons in minority groups, usually categorized by race or …

Introduction There is a paucity of literature evaluating research-funding differences between
male and female surgeons. Our study aims to evaluate possible disparities in the National …

In this article, we investigate the role of gender in collaboration patterns by analyzing gender-
based homophily—the tendency for researchers to co-author with individuals of the same …