Applied systems thinking has evolved since the 1950s through three paradigm atic waves.
Authors in the first wave regarded systems as real-world entities, and systems models as …

The term 'systemic innovation'is increasing in use, but there is no consensus on its meaning:
five understandings of the term can be identified, each based on a different view of what the …

In this paper, we propose a research agenda to support the recovery of Alexander
Bogdanov's philosophical and systemic thinking that culminated in his magnum opus …

This Handbook is about the past, present, and future of systems thinking. It captures the
history of systems thinking over its first three 'waves,'which are thought of as significant …

Wicked problems are open-ended, highly interdependent issues that cross agency,
stakeholder, jurisdictional, and geopolitical boundaries. In response, there has been …

This paper explores how theory and methodology from Community Operational Research
(Community OR) can enhance Lean initiatives. We are driven by the paucity of the literature …

This paper calls for methodological pluralism in industrial marketing research. We discuss
three challenges that proponents of methodological pluralism have to address if their …

For the last several decades and recently amidst the COVID‐19 pandemic, many in the
global evaluation communities call for shifts from linear, reductionist ways of thinking and …

This paper presents a systemic intervention methodology that starts with boundary critique:
exploring different boundaries and values that might matter to stakeholders when framing …

The study sought to understand the relationship among organisations, knowledge and
complexity so that managers could develop more effective strategies when working with …