The clinical use of molecular targeted therapy is rapidly evolving but has primarily focused
on genomic alterations. Transcriptomic analysis offers an opportunity to dissect the …

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a specialized ecosystem of host components, designed
by tumor cells for successful development and metastasis of tumor. With the advent of 3D …

Immune responses to cancer are highly variable, with mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd)
tumors exhibiting more anti-tumor immunity than mismatch repair-proficient (MMRp) tumors …

BACKGROUND Historical accounts linking cancer and microbes date as early as four
millennia ago. After establishment of the germ theory of infectious diseases, clinical research …

Background High tumor mutation burden (TMB-H) has been proposed as a predictive
biomarker for response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), largely due to the potential for …

Severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occur in up to 60% of patients with
melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, it is unknown whether …

Most (if not all) tumors emerge and progress under a strong evolutionary pressure imposed
by trophic, metabolic, immunological, and therapeutic factors. The relative impact of these …

The current treatment strategies in advanced malignancies remain limited. Notably,
immunotherapies have raised hope for a successful control of these advanced diseases, but …

Tumor microenvironment denotes the non-cancerous cells and components presented in
the tumor, including molecules produced and released by them. The constant interactions …

Background Postoperative progression and chemotherapy resistance is the major cause of
treatment failure in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Currently, there is a …