Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless
infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a member of the
Coronavirus family which caused the worldwide pandemic of human respiratory illness …

A cell-surface heparan proteoglycan called Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) has multiple roles in
healthy and pathogenic conditions, including respiratory viral infection. In this study, we …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) had spread from
China and, within 2 months, became a global pandemic. The infection from this disease can …

A growing body of evidence indicates that neutrophil elastase (NE) is involved in the
pathogenesis of respiratory infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Cytokine storm syndromes (CSSs) are potentially fatal hyperinflammatory states that share
the underpinnings of persistent immune cell activation and uninhibited cytokine production …

Atherosclerosis, which is a primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths around
the world, is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterised by the accumulation of lipid …

Cytokine storm refers to the overproduction of immune and inflammatory cells and their
proteins (cytokines)[interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6] causing acute respiratory distress syndrome …

The risk of mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is largely related
to an excessive immune response, resulting in a hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable …

The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has emerged as an international challenge with strong
medical and socioeconomic impact. The spectrum of clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 …