Cylindrical vector beams and vortex beams, two types of typical singular optical beams
characterized by axially symmetric polarization and helical phase front, possess the unique …

Structured light beams have rapidly advanced over the past few years, from specific spatial-
transverse/longitudinal structure to tailored spatiotemporal structure. Such beams with …

Ultrafast femtosecond mode-locked fiber laser plays an indispensable role in medical
imaging, space ranging, ophthalmology, terahertz spectroscopy, material micromachining …

Rogue waves (RWs) are rare, extreme amplitude, localized wave packets, which have
received much interest recently in different areas of physics. Fiber lasers with their abundant …

Multimode fibers (MMFs) have attracted interest because of their larger mode area and
additional spatial degrees of freedom compared with single-mode fibers. Recently, MMFs …

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess remarkable nonlinear optical properties; a particular
application is to function as a mode locker used in ultrafast fiber lasers to produce ultrashort …

Optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) has become a hot research topic because of its
unique properties due to its spiral distribution of phases. The production and transmission of …

Background Long-term oral corticosteroid (OCS) treatment for severe asthma is known to
cause significant adverse effects, but knowledge on effects of lower exposures in general …

Vortex beams have attracted much attention in recent years due to unique features of the
phase or polarization singularity in the center part of beams. Various applications have been …

Optical vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have received great
attention since the 1990s. In particular, OAM offers an additional degree of freedom, thus …