Starting from the observation that the European Union now possesses many of the attributes
of modern political systems, Hix and Høyland take an innovative approach to analysing …

With the recent acceleration of the integration process of the European Union there has
been a rise in political parties expressing either scepticism or outright criticism of the nature …

A. whereas the Rules of Procedure is the fundamental embodiment of the democratic life of
the Parliament, enshrining and guaranteeing the rights and prerogatives of all Members and …

This article explains the positions taken by national political parties on the issue of European
integration over the period 1984–96. Based on the theory of party systems developed by …

This article examines party‐based Euroscepticism in the candidate states of Central and
Eastern Europe. In an attempt to develop comparative lessons from the different cases, it …

Europeanization is a term used to describe the effects of European integration on the politics
and policies of its member states as well as the process of enhancing European-level …

This book introduces a novel perspective to students of European integration. It offers a
concise insight into an emerging debate about the pros and cons of applying constructivist …

How severe a problem is what many call the'democratic deficit'of the European Union?
Despite a voluminous theoretical literature dealing with this question, there is hardly any …

The Government and Politics of France has been the leading textbook on French politics for
over a generation, and continues to provide students with a comprehensive and incisive …

Why do political parties take the positions they do on particular issues, or use those issues in
a given way as part of inter-party competition? In this concluding chapter we examine the …