This paper focuses on the microstructural evolution of 304 L austenitic stainless steel (SS)
manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) after stress-relieving annealing (650° C) …

Motivated by the effect of cooling rate on microstructure, standard air cooling (AC) and novel
cryogenic cooling (CC) were employed in the wire-arc directed energy deposition process of …

Investigations on the fabrication of large-size lightweight Mg alloy components by wire-arc
directed energy deposition (DED) are steadily flourishing. Nevertheless, most of these …

Developing metal additive parts with a synergy in strength and ductility is a demanding need
for many critical applications. Recently, gradient structures have been of research interest as …

Computational modeling is essential in the development and application of metal additive
manufacturing (MAM). Most materials processed by laser or electron beam MAM exhibit a …

Additive manufacturing is used to produce complex shapes, and it has been actively
investigated. In this study, 316L stainless steels with various amounts of Ti were fabricated …

Tailoring the microstructure of the additively manufactured metal parts through adjusting
process parameters is a useful pathway to reduce the necessity of post-treatments, leading …

Cellular structure is a unique microstructure characteristic of the additively manufactured
face-centered cubic phase metallic materials. It typically grows preferentially along the …

The unique cellular structure has been reported to be the dominant reason for the
remarkable mechanical properties in laser powder-bed fusion (LPBF) superalloys. However …

Stainless steel 316L alloy with a complete austenite phase was manufactured using the
Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) technique. The microstructure of LENS-316L from …