Due to the growing impact of the information and communications technology (ICT) sector
on electricity usage and greenhouse gas emissions, telecommunication networks require …

Augmented reality (AR) is a recent communication paradigm that is considered one of the
primary functions of the fifth-generation cellular system (5G). AR is one of the ultra-reliable …

Medium access control (MAC) protocol design plays a crucial role to increase the
performance of wireless communications and networks. The channel access mechanism is …

The combination of a high-speed wireless network with passive optical network
technologies has led to the evolution of a modern integrated fiber wireless (FiWi) access …

In this study, a bipolar optical code-division multiple-access (Bi-OCDMA) technique based
on spectral amplitude coding (SAC) was proposed by using a phase modulator to realize …

Hybrid fiber wireless (FiWi) access networks seek to combine the vast amount of bandwidth
that is available for optical networks and wireless network mobility; hence, it favors larger …

The integration of the XGPON network with the 5G WLAN network is a suitable solution for
next-generation high-speed access Internet service. We demonstrated the integration of two …

Hybrid Fiber Wireless (FiWi) access networks point towards merging gigantic amount of
bandwidth which is available for optical networks and wireless network mobility, their aim is …

Background: Survivability is one of the key issues of wireless optical broadband (WOBAN)
access networks. Survivability means providing continuous services to users if a device/link …