Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are systemic diseases that manifest not only in the gut
and gastrointestinal tract, but also in the extraintestinal organs in many patients. The quality …

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) encompasses both radiographic and non-radiographic
axSpA. It is a chronic inflammatory disease with a predilection for involving the axial …

Objectives To update the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS)-
EULAR recommendations for the management of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods …

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine composed of two subunits, IL-23A (p19)
and IL-12/23B (p40), the latter shared with Interleukin-12 (IL-12). IL-23 is mainly produced …

Musculoskeletal pain conditions are age-related, leading contributors to chronic pain and
pain-related disability, which are expected to rise with the rapid global population aging …

Summary Background Upadacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, has been shown to be
effective in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety …

To update the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for
vaccination in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRD) …

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with roles in immunity, tissue regeneration, and
metabolism. Rapid production of IL-6 contributes to host defense during infection and tissue …

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a common type of spondyloarthropathy, is a chronic
inflammatory autoimmune disease that mainly affects spine joints, causing severe, chronic …

Objectives Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have been approved for use in various immune-
mediated inflammatory diseases. With five agents licensed, it was timely to summarise the …