Exosomes are small nanosized biovesicles that form when multivesicular bodies and the
plasma membrane fuse and are released into the surrounding body fluids. They are best …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by most cell types as part of an intracellular
communication system in crucial processes such as inflammation, cell proliferation, and …

Intrinsically therapeutic nanoparticles (ITNPs) are a special class of nanomaterials with
capabilities of self-triggering bioactive activities (without drug) when interacting with …

Exosomes are nano‐sized bioactive vesicles of 30–150 nm in diameter. They are secreted
by exocytosis of nearly all type of cells in to the extracellular fluid. Thereby, they can be …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells owing to their regenerative potential
and multilineage potency. MSCs have wide-scale applications either in their native cellular …

Exosomes (EXOs) are natural nanoparticles of endosome origin that are secreted by a
variety of cells in the body. Exosomes have been found in bio-fluids such as urine, saliva …

Academic and industrial groups worldwide have reported technological advances in
exosome-based cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the potential translation of these …

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represents a current challenge for medicine
due to its incidence, morbidity and mortality and, also, the absence of an optimal treatment …

As a result of cross-species transmission in December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) became a serious endangerment to human health and the causal agent of a …

Lung macrophages (Mφs) are essential for pulmonary innate immunity and host defense
due to their dynamic polarization and phenotype shifts. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) …