Individual cuttlefish, octopus and squid have the versatile capability to use body patterns for
background matching and disruptive coloration. We define—qualitatively and quantitatively …

It is only in recent decades that subjective experience-or consciousness-has become a
legitimate object of scientific inquiry. As such, it represents perhaps the greatest challenge …

With their large brains, elaborate sense organs and complex behaviour, cephalopods are
among the world's most highly evolved invertebrates. This second edition summarises the …

Cuttlefish are cephalopod molluscs that achieve dynamic camouflage by rapidly extracting
visual information from the background and neurally implementing an appropriate skin (or …

We tested color perception based upon a robust behavioral response in which cuttlefish
(Sepia officinalis) respond to visual stimuli (a black and white checkerboard) with a …

To camouflage themselves on the seafloor, European cuttlefish Sepia officinalis control the
expression of about 30 pattern components to produce a range of body patterns. 1 If each …

Social recognition is important to the evolution of cooperative social behavior. Available
evidence indicates that at least some cephalopods show some level of social recognition …

Cephalopods (octopus, squid and cuttlefish) are known for their camouflage. Cuttlefish
Sepia officinalis use chromatophores and light reflectors for color change, and papillae to …

Camouflage is the primary defense in cuttlefish. The rich repertoire of their body patterns can
be categorized into three types: uniform, mottle, and disruptive. Several recent studies have …

Juvenile cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) camouflage themselves by changing their body pattern
according to the background. This behaviour can be used to investigate visual perception in …