Acute COVID-19 infection is followed by prolonged symptoms in approximately one in ten
cases: known as Long COVID. The disease affects~ 65 million individuals worldwide. Many …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the main structural component of the outer membrane of most
Gram-negative bacteria and has diverse immunostimulatory and procoagulant effects. Even …

Lactoferrin is a nutrient classically found in mammalian milk. It binds iron and is transferred
via a variety of receptors into and between cells, serum, bile, and cerebrospinal fluid. It has …

Post-acute sequelae of COVID (PASC), usually referred to as 'Long COVID'(a phenotype of
COVID-19), is a relatively frequent consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in which …

Ergothioneine (ERG) is an unusual thio-histidine betaine amino acid that has potent
antioxidant activities. It is synthesised by a variety of microbes, especially fungi (including in …

Ischaemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury, initiated via bursts of reactive oxygen species produced
during the reoxygenation phase following hypoxia, is well known in a variety of acute …

Chronic (neuro) inflammation plays an important role in many age-related central nervous
system (CNS) diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and vascular …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), also known as coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19)-induced infection, is strongly associated with various …

Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin condition, associated with both a physical
and a psychological burden. Our understanding of the etiology of this disease remains …

It is now well established that the blood-clotting protein fibrinogen can polymerise into an
anomalous form of fibrin that is amyloid in character; the resultant clots and microclots entrap …