ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human
polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of …

Aggregation of specific proteins are histopathological hallmarks of several
neurodegenerative diseases, such as, Amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary …

Neuroinflammation is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's
disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Microglia and astrocytes …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical regulator of CNS homeostasis. It possesses
physical and biochemical characteristics (ie tight junction protein complexes, transporters) …

Organoids are 3D cell culture systems derived from human pluripotent stem cells that
contain tissue resident cell types and reflect features of early tissue organization. Neural …

Microglia are mononuclear phagocytes of mesodermal origin that migrate to the central
nervous system (CNS) during the early stages of embryonic development. After colonizing …

A growing body of evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the human gut microbiota is
associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) via …

Caffeic acid (CA) is a phenolic compound synthesized by all plant species and is present in
foods such as coffee, wine, tea, and popular medicines such as propolis. This phenolic acid …

Inflammation is a crucial component of various stress-induced responses that contributes to
the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Depressive-like behavior (DLB) is …

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by
the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates …