Monitoring the emergence and re-emergence of viral diseases with the goal of containing
the spread of viral agents requires both adequate preparedness and quick response …

Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are primate lentiviruses that infect no fewer than 36
different nonhuman primate species in sub-Saharan Africa (4, 9, 62). Two of these viruses …

Vpu proteins of pandemic HIV-1 M strains degrade the viral receptor CD4 and antagonize
human tetherin to promote viral release and replication. We show that Vpus from SIVgsn …

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type-1 viral protein U (Vpu) protein enhances the
release of diverse retroviruses from human, but not monkey, cells and is thought to do so by …

Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2, also known as tetherin) is a recently identified
interferon-inducible host restriction factor that can block the production of enveloped viruses …

Over 40 nonhuman primate (NHP) species harbor species-specific simian
immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs). Similarly, more than 20 species of nondomestic felids and …

Viruses of the subfamily Orthoretrovirinae are defined by the ability to reverse transcribe an
RNA genome into DNA that integrates into the host cell genome during the intracellular virus …

Introduction 3. Discovery of SIVs in African non-human primate species: the path from the
discovery of the simian origin of HIVs to the characterization of the largest and most diverse …

Viral protein U (Vpu) is a type 1 membrane-associated accessory protein that is unique to
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and a subset of related simian …

Since the first isolation of HIV-1 from a patient with generalized lymphadenopathy in 1983,
great progress has been made in understanding the viral life cycle and the functional …