Wellbore stability in shale is a recurring crisis during oil and gas well drilling. The adsorption
of water and ions from drilling fluid by shale, which causes clay swelling, is the primary …

Water-based mud (WBM) is an environmentally acceptable drilling fluid. However, it makes
shale to be prone to swelling owing to its interaction with active clays. Shale swelling makes …

The efficient exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas are critical for
increasing the self-sufficiency of oil and gas supplies in China. However, such operations …

Challenges associated with drilling operations are numerous and their adverse effect could
lead to severe damage or even shutting down of the drilling operations. Wellbore instability …

Water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs) are widely used for drilling oil and gas wells. Water-
based drilling fluids are considered economical and environmentally friendly compared to …

With the growth of deep drilling and the complexity of the well profile, the requirements for a
more complete and efficient exploitation of productive formations increase, which increases …

Mechanical properties of shales are key parameters influencing hydrocarbon production–
impacting borehole stability, hydraulic fracture extension and microscale variations in in situ …

Oil and gas have been facing various difficulties in well drilling due to shale hydration and
swelling when in physical contact with water. Oil-based muds (OBMs) and synthetic based …

The world's energy demand is steadily increasing where it has now become difficult for
conventional hydrocarbon reservoir to meet levels of demand. Therefore, oil and gas …

Shale mechanical properties are important for shale gas production, but the magnitudes are
difficult to estimate, standard size cores are hard to sample, and secondary interstice …