Abstract Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) senses misplaced genomic,
mitochondrial, and microbial double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) to synthesize 2′ 3′-cGAMP …

Cells are equipped with numerous sensors that recognize nucleic acids, which probably
evolved for defence against viruses. Once triggered, these sensors stimulate the production …

Since the discovery of Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) as an important pivot for
cytosolic DNA sensation and interferon (IFN) induction, intensive efforts have been …

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) orchestrates the production of proinflammatory
cytokines in response to cytosolic double-stranded DNA; however, the pathophysiological …

Initiating and maintaining optimal immune responses requires high levels of protein
synthesis, folding, modification and trafficking in leukocytes, which are processes …

Background: Doxorubicin is an effective chemotherapy drug for treating various types of
cancer. However, lethal cardiotoxicity severely limits its clinical use. Recent evidence has …

The cGAS–STING pathway is an evolutionarily conserved immune signaling pathway critical
for microbial defense. Unlike other innate immune pathways that largely rely on stationary …

Nutrient sensing and damage sensing are two fundamental processes in living organisms.
While hyperglycemia is frequently linked to diabetes-related vulnerability to microbial …

Cytosolic double-stranded DNA surveillance by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)–
Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) signaling triggers cellular senescence, autophagy …

Various cellular stress conditions trigger mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release from
mitochondria into the cytosol. The released mtDNA is sensed by the cGAS-MITA/STING …