The pioneer microbiota of the neonatal gut are essential for gut maturation, and metabolic
and immunologic programming. Recent research has shown that early bacterial colonization …

Background Rates of preterm birth have been rising over the past several decades. Factors
contributing to this trend remain largely unclear, and exposure to environmental …

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been identified as environmental
contributors to adverse birth outcomes. One potential mechanistic pathway could be through …

Survivors of preterm birth struggle with multitudes of disabilities due to improper in utero
programming of various tissues and organ systems contributing to adult-onset diseases at a …

Problem Previous studies have investigated the utility of inflammation markers as predictors
of preterm birth, but none have compared trends in levels between uncomplicated and …

Objective: Preterm birth is associated with 5–18% of pregnancies and is the leading cause
of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Amniotic fluid (AF) interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key cytokine …

Preterm birth is the major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, and bacterial infections
that ascend from the lower female reproductive tract are the most common route of uterine …

Healthy pregnancy is the most successful form of graft tolerance, whereas preterm labor
(PTL) may represent a breakdown in maternal-fetal tolerance. Although maternal immune …

Phthalate esters are a class of compounds utilized extensively in widely-distributed
consumer goods, and have been associated with various adverse health outcomes in …

Importance Maternal infection has been implicated in the pathogenesis of preterm birth
through intrauterine inflammatory response. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are among …