This article reviews literature on worked examples in the context of programming activities.
We focus on two types of examples, namely, code-tracing and code-generation, because …

Code tracing is a foundational programming skill that involves simulating a program's
execution line by line, tracking how variables change at each step. To code trace, students …

Python has become one of the most popular pro-gramming languages in the era of data
science and machine learning, and is also widely deployed in safety-critical fields like …

Novice programmers often struggle to build accurate mental models of computation, which
hinders their ability to understand, debug, and optimize programs. This paper presents …

A foundational programming skill is code tracing. It involves simulating how a computer
executes programs by tracking variable values and flow of program execution. Learning this …

Programming is challenging for novices to learn. Code tracing is a foundational
programming skill that involves simulating a program's execution. Translating lines of code …