Leishmaniasis is a complex infectious parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus
Leishmania, belonging to a group of neglected tropical diseases. It establishes significant …

Purpose Interlukin-15 (IL-15) is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a vital role in
immunology and obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. We performed this systematic …

Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of heterogeneous cell populations
that can suppress T cell responses. Various aspects of MDSCs in regulating immune …

The protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani, residing and replicating within the cells of the
monocyte-macrophage (mono-mac) lineage, causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in humans …

Leishmaniasis is an enigmatic disease that has very restricted options for chemotherapy and
none for prophylaxis. As a result, deriving therapeutic principles for curing the disease has …

Background Imported cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a growing problem with increasing
global travel to endemic areas. Returned travelers with CL are easy to be misdiagnosed and …

Cytokines are influential molecules which can direct cells behavior. In this review, cytokines
are referred as messengers, immune cells which respond to cytokine stimulus are referred …

Background Leishmania (L) parasite, the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous
leishmaniasis (ZCL), effectively stimulates the mammalian cells to mount strong humoral …

Objective: To evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial
vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum, and a purified antigen. Methods …

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne parasitic disease, fatal if untreated. Although
several available anti-Leishmania therapies are described, the associated efficacy …