The disease severity of COVID-19, especially in the elderly and patients with co-morbidities,
is characterized by hypercytokinemia, an exaggerated immune response associated with an …

Hyper-induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, also known as a cytokine storm or cytokine
release syndrome (CRS), is one of the key aspects of the currently ongoing SARS-CoV-2 …

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis, with no specific antiviral to treat
the infection and the absence of a suitable vaccine to prevent it. While some individuals …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is cause of the novel
coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In the last two years, SARS-CoV-2 has infected millions of …

Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral infectious disease caused by the severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. The infection was reported in …

At the beginning of 2020, the national health system and medical communities are faced
with unprecedented public health challenges. A novel strain of coronavirus, later identified …

The rapid worldwide spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the newly emerged
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in tens of …

Exosome extracellular vesicles as biologic therapy for COVID‐19 are discussed for two
areas. The first involves the growing use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the …

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a detrimental impact on
public health. COVID-19 usually manifests as pneumonia, which can progress into acute …

A novel coronavirus strain (COVID-19) caused severe illness and mortality worldwide from
31 December 2019 to 21 March 2023. As of this writing, 761,071,826 million cases have …