Mathematical models are increasingly being adapted to model criminal behaviour and may
be used to support traditional crime prevention methods. This review focuses on recent …

The prevalence of criminal gang activities in the society has continued to be a huge burden
to mankind. Despite several attempts by the government and non-governmental …

The current manuscript describes the dynamics of a fractional mathematical model of serial
killing under the Mittag–Leffler kernel. Using the fixed point theory approach, we present a …

Political discourse on immigration in the United States has largely focused on what is most
visible, including border walls and detention centers, while the invisible information systems …

Optimal control is a powerful optimization technique derived from the mathematical theory of
the Calculus of Variations. It can be employed to maximize the returns from and minimize the …

In this present paper, the principles of optimal control theory is applied to a non-linear
mathematical model for the population dynamics of criminal gangs with variability in the sub …

This present paper considers the dynamics of two criminal gangs in a criminally active
population. In our deterministic approach, we present the gang rivalry model to measure the …

A modified predator–prey model with transmissible disease in both the predator and prey
species is proposed and analysed, with infected prey being more vulnerable to predation …

The emerging threat of criminal gangs in society has severe consequences on the socio-
economic well-being of individuals. To examine the impact of morally upright individuals and …

Mathematical models offer crucial insights into the transmission dynamics and control of
infectious diseases. These models have also been applied to investigate a variety of …