In this paper, we survey the main superstructure-based approaches in process system
engineering, with a particular emphasis on the existing literature for automated …

Highlights•The advantages of the P-graph for Process Network Synthesis (PNS) are
discussed.•A critical survey of key P-graph literature is given.•Promising directions for future …

Renewable energy has the characteristics of wide distribution, sustainable use and low
impact on the environment, which is suitable for application and promotion in the island …

This work provides an overview of recent graphical approaches which can provide
beneficial support for various applications enhancing cleaner production and, consequently …

Sustainability has become a major focus for industrial sectors and government agencies in
the global community. In particular, climate change is now seen as the most critical …

A P-graph and Monte Carlo simulation approach to planning carbon management networks
is proposed. These networks are generalized systems for minimizing emissions of CO 2 …

Because of the vast number of academic products with focus on sustainability being
currently generated, it is becoming exceedingly difficult and time-consuming to perform …

The human dependency on finite fossil fuel has led to its drastic depletion. Along with its
detrimental effects on the environment, such practice is now deemed unsustainable. This …

Highlights•Biochar-based Carbon Management Networks (BCMNs) can give negative
emissions.•A P-graph approach to planning BCMNs is developed.•Optimal and near-optimal …

The aim of this study is to develop a novel framework for the optimisation of downstream oil
supply chains with emission-cost nexus and performance analysis. A P-graph based model …