The visual consequences of melanopsin photoreception in humans are not well understood.
Here we studied melanopsin photoreception using a technique of photoreceptor silent …

Background: Retinal photoreceptors provide the main stage in the mammalian eye for
regulating the retinal illumination through changes in pupil diameter, with a small population …

To evaluate the nature of interactions between visual pathways transmitting the slower
melanopsin and faster rod and cone signals, we implement a temporal phase summation …

Melanopsin-mediated visual and non-visual functions are difficult to study in vivo. To isolate
melanopsin responses, non-standard light stimulation instruments are required, with at least …

The precise control of visual sensitivity to variations in external lighting is critical for
optimising human visual function in a changing environment. In photopic illumination, the …

The intrinsic melanopsin photoresponse may initiate visual signals that differ in
spatiotemporal characteristics from the cone-opsin-and rhodopsin-mediated signals …

Following photopigment bleaching, the rhodopsin and cone-opsins show a characteristic
exponential regeneration in the dark with a photocycle dependent on the retinal pigment …

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are the most recently discovered
photoreceptor class in the human retina. This Element integrates new knowledge and …

The ambient daylight variation is coded by melanopsin photoreceptors and their luxotonic
activity increases towards midday when colour temperatures are cooler, and irradiances are …

At the absolute threshold of vision, Hecht, Shlaer and Pirenne estimate that 5–14 photons
are absorbed within a retinal area containing~ 500 rods. Other estimates of scotopic …