At the absolute threshold of vision, Hecht, Shlaer and Pirenne estimate that 5–14 photons
are absorbed within a retinal area containing~ 500 rods. Other estimates of scotopic …

Purpose Clinical assessment of rod and cone photoreceptor sensitivity often involves the
use of extended dark adaptation times to minimise cone involvement or the use of bright …

Gaussian noise is an important stimulus for the study of biological systems, especially
sensory and neural systems. Since these systems are inherently nonlinear, the properties of …

We explored the complexity of the light adaptation process, assessing adaptation recovery
(Ar) at different eccentricities and light levels. Luminance thresholds were obtained with …

Purpose A simple psychophysical paradigm is available as a digital application in iOS
devices such as iPad to measure the function of ON and OFF visual pathways. However, an …

Introduction The photopic ON pathway defect is associated with nocturnal vision loss.
However, the measurement of ON function to detect a rod‐dominated disease (rods affected …

We determined how extrinsic white noise correlating with cone inputs to the three primary
visual pathways affects both rod-pathway temporal contrast sensitivity and the impulse …

We assessed how rod excitation (R) affects luminance (L+ M+ S) and chromatic [L/(L+ M)]
reaction times (RTs). A four-primary display based on the overlapped images of two …

This study investigated how invisible extrinsic temporal white noise that correlates with the
activity of one of the three [magnocellular (MC), parvocellular (PC), or koniocellular (KC)] …

Gaussian noise is one of the principal inputs used for studying biological systems, especially
sensory and neuronal systems. Because of the inherent nonlinearities of these systems, the …