Heterocyst differentiation that occurs in some filamentous cyanobacteria, such as Anabaena
sp. PCC 7120, provides a unique model for prokaryotic developmental biology. Heterocyst …

Cyanobacteria carry out oxygenic photosynthesis, play a key role in the cycling of carbon
and nitrogen in the biosphere, and have had a large impact on the evolution of life and the …

Breaking the anterior–posterior symmetry in mammals occurs at gastrulation. Much of the
signalling network underlying this process has been elucidated in the mouse; however …

One of the major challenges in modern biology is to understand how the molecular
components of a living cell operate in a highly noisy environment. What are the specific …

Embryonic development is orchestrated by robust and complex regulatory mechanisms
acting at different scales of organization. In vivo studies are particularly challenging for …

Self-organised emergent patterns can be widely seen in natural and man-made complex
systems generated by interactions among local components without external or global …

The pigment patterns on tropical shells are of great beauty and diversity. Their mixture of
regularity and irregularity is fascinating. A particular pattern seems to follow particular rules …

Planarians are members of the Platyhelminthes (flatworms). These animals have evolved a
remarkable stem cell system. A single pluripotent adult stem cell type (“neoblast”) gives rise …

Populations of cells are almost always heterogeneous in function and fate. To understand
the plasticity of cells, it is vital to measure quantitatively and dynamically the molecular …

Gonadotropins and their receptors' genes carry several single-nucleotide polymorphisms
resulting in endocrine genotypes modulating reproductive parameters, diseases, and …