Anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS) are a class of hormones that are widely abused for
their muscle-building and strength-increasing properties in high, nontherapeutic, dosages …

Androgens are potent drugs requiring prescription for valid medical indications but are
misused for invalid, unproven, or off-label reasons as well as being abused without …

Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The
understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be …

Male hypogonadism (MH) is a common endocrine disorder. However, uncertainties and
variations in its diagnosis and management exist. There are several current guidelines on …

Previous studies had limited power to assess the associations of testosterone with
aggressive disease as a primary endpoint. Further, the association of genetically predicted …

Introduction Hormonal contraception is available worldwide in many different forms. Fear of
side effects and health concerns are among the main reasons for not using contraceptives or …

We investigated the associations of estimated free and total circulating testosterone and sex
hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) with cancer risk in men and postmenopausal women …

The liver and the reproductive system interact in a multifaceted bidirectional fashion. Sex
steroid signaling influences hepatic endobiotic and xenobiotic metabolism and contributes …

According to the free hormone hypothesis, biological activity of a certain hormone is best
reflected by free rather than total hormone concentrations. A crucial element in this theory is …

We provide an in-depth review of the role of androgens in male maturation and
development, from the fetal stage through adolescence into emerging adulthood, and …