Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is an enzyme that phosphorylates glycogen
synthase, thereby inhibiting glycogen synthesis. Besides this role, it is now believed that this …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease for which there are no
highly effective therapies. A novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of AD is the use of …

In this study, the potential antidepressant-like effects of pioglitazone and the possible
involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and nitric oxide …

Agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) exert anti-
inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects which led to testing of these drugs in experimental …

Recent findings have led to the discovery of many signaling pathways that link nuclear
receptors with human conditions, including mental decline and neurodegenerative …

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is accompanied by a dramatic inflammatory response,
which escalates over the first week post-injury and is thought to contribute to secondary …

Background Inflammation is known to play a pivotal role in mediating neuronal damage and
axonal injury in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Among the range of inflammatory …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα,-β/δ and-γ) are lipid-activated
transcription factors. Synthetic PPARα and PPARγ ligands have neuroprotective properties …

Retinoids are important signals in brain development. They regulate gene transcription by
binding to retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and, as was discovered recently, a peroxisome …

Overwhelming evidence shows that oxidative stress is a major cause in development of
brain disorders. Low activity of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-degrading system as well …