The steep rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications go along
with mounting evidence of clinically important sex and gender differences. T2DM is more …

The initiation and maintenance of reproductive capacity in humans is dependent on pulsatile
secretion of the hypothalamic hormone GnRH. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism …

Some aspects of glucose homeostasis are regulated differently in males and females. This
review discusses the most fundamental gender differences in glucose homeostasis and …

Androgens are an important and diverse group of steroid hormone molecular species. They
play varied functional roles, such as the control of metabolic energy fate and partition, the …

Testosterone is a hormone that plays a key role in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism.
It has been known for some time that testosterone has a major influence on body fat …

Metabolic diseases, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D),
are now a widespread pandemic in the developed world. These pathologies show sex …

Background Vitamin D has been well-known for its function in maintaining calcium and
phosphorus homeostasis and promoting bone mineralization. There is some evidence that …

Objective In men, androgen deprivation contributes to the development of metabolic
syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In women, androgen excess predisposes to insulin …

The liver is one of the most essential organs involved in the regulation of energy
homeostasis. Hepatic steatosis, a major manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is associated …

Context: Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) has been defined as a syndrome in middle-aged
and elderly men reporting symptoms in the presence of low testosterone (T). Objective: The …