Adverse effects of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: the spike hypothesis

IP Trougakos, E Terpos, H Alexopoulos… - Trends in Molecular …, 2022 - cell.com
Vaccination is a major tool for mitigating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pandemic, and mRNA vaccines are central to the ongoing vaccination campaign that is …

Could SARS-CoV-2 spike protein be responsible for long-COVID syndrome?

TC Theoharides - Molecular Neurobiology, 2022 - Springer
SARS-CoV-2 infects cells via its spike protein binding to its surface receptor on target cells
and results in acute symptoms involving especially the lungs known as COVID-19. However …

Persistent circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike is associated with post-acute coronavirus disease 2019 sequelae

Z Swank, Y Senussi, Z Manickas-Hill… - Clinical Infectious …, 2023 - academic.oup.com
The diagnosis of postacute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (PASC) poses an
ongoing medical challenge. To identify biomarkers associated with PASC we analyzed …

Blood–brain barrier disruption and sustained systemic inflammation in individuals with long COVID-associated cognitive impairment

C Greene, R Connolly, D Brennan, A Laffan… - Nature …, 2024 - nature.com
Vascular disruption has been implicated in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pathogenesis and may predispose to the neurological sequelae associated with long …

Persistent circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike is associated with post-acute COVID-19 sequelae

Z Swank, Y Senussi, G Alter, DR Walt - Medrxiv, 2022 - medrxiv.org
The diagnosis and management of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) poses an
ongoing medical challenge. Identifying biomarkers associated with PASC would immensely …

Role of SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein-induced activation of microglia and mast cells in the pathogenesis of neuro-COVID

TC Theoharides, D Kempuraj - Cells, 2023 - mdpi.com
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). About 45% of COVID-19 patients experience several symptoms a …

COVID-19 and Long COVID: disruption of the neurovascular unit, blood-brain barrier, and tight junctions

D Kempuraj, KK Aenlle, J Cohen… - The …, 2023 - journals.sagepub.com
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), could affect brain structure and function. SARS-CoV …

Alteration of the blood-brain barrier by COVID-19 and its implication in the permeation of drugs into the brain

H Hernández-Parra, OD Reyes-Hernández… - Frontiers in Cellular …, 2023 - frontiersin.org
Diverse neurological symptoms have been reported in patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease
(COVID-19), including stroke, ataxia, meningitis, encephalitis, and cognitive impairment …

Long-term sequelae of COVID-19 in experimental mice

MJ Paidas, DS Cosio, S Ali, NS Kenyon… - Molecular …, 2022 - Springer
We recently reported acute COVID-19 symptoms, clinical status, weight loss, multi-organ
pathological changes, and animal death in a murine hepatitis virus-1 (MHV-1) coronavirus …

Penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein across the blood–brain barrier, as revealed by a combination of a human cell culture model system and optical …

D Petrovszki, FR Walter, JP Vigh, A Kocsis, S Valkai… - Biomedicines, 2022 - mdpi.com
Since the outbreak of the global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2), several clinical aspects of the disease have come into attention. Besides its …