The term IoT technology is associated with many fields, including scientific, commercial,
industrial, health, transportation and other fields, which became a necessity of daily life …

Crowd behavior investigation in images/videos is an important task applied in areas such as
people counting, density estimation, emotion recognition, motion detection, and flow …

Background and motivation: Every year, millions of Muslims worldwide come to Mecca to
perform the Hajj. In order to maintain the security of the pilgrims, the Saudi government has …

People counting has been investigated extensively as a tool to increase the individual's
safety and to avoid crowd hazards at public places. It is a challenging task especially in high …

Smart Crowd management (SCM) solutions can mitigate overcrowding disasters by
implementing efficient crowd learning models that can anticipate critical crowd conditions …

Hajj, the Muslim pilgrimage, is a large mass gathering event that involves performing rituals
at several sites on specific days and times in a fixed order, thereby requiring transport of …

Hajj and Umrah are Muslims' religious pilgrimages to Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Hajj is
considered the largest annual gathering in the world. In Islam, every adult is obligated to …

High-density gatherings have the potential to turn from a peaceful mass into a human
disaster unless they are managed in an organized manner. Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Hajj …

Emerging technologies provide a highly compatible platform for analyzing substantial data
volumes relating to crowd management. These technologies are not only effective in …

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted human socioeconomic activities,
leaving an everlasting impact on urban systems. As a result, there is a growing scholarly …