Vitamin A and retinoid derivatives are recognized as morphogens that govern body
patterning and skeletogenesis, producing profound defects when in excess. In post-natal …

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is often accompanied with an induction of retinaldehyde
dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1 or ALDH1A1) expression and a consequent decrease in …

Objective: Retinoic acid (RA) is a ligand for nuclear receptors that modulate gene
transcription and cell differentiation. Whether RA controls ectopic calcification in humans is …

Objective To determine in human articular chondrocytes the activity of Aldehyde
dehydrogenase (ALDH), which are reported as stem/progenitor cell marker in various adult …

To observe the effect of extracorporeal shock waves (ESWs) on bone marrow mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) in patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head, we collected bone …

Outcomes related to disordered metabolism are common in alcohol dependence (AD). To
investigate alterations in the regulation of body mass that occur in the context of AD, we …

Hibernation is a naturally occurring model for studying diseases such as obesity and
osteoporosis. Hibernators, marmots (Marmota flaviventris) among them, are able to nearly …

The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards an osteoblastic fate depends on
numerous signaling pathways, including activation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) …

Introduction. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative and vascular
disorder, representing the most common type of dementia. Beta-amyloid (A) plaques, tau …

La vitamina D puede ser sintetizada en la piel después de exponerse a la luz solar y es
entonces metabolizada en el hígado y riñón a la metabólicamente forma activa llamada 1α …