Opposition-based Learning (OBL) is a new concept in machine learning, inspired from the
opposite relationship among entities. In 2005, for the first time the concept of opposition was …

Abstract Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is one of the fastest growing research areas
in the domain of multimedia. Due to the increase in digital contents these days, users are …

Particle Swarm is a heuristic technique based on collective behavior of birds. Several
researches depicts that the PSO suffers from untimely convergence. To defeat the issue of …

One of the major challenges for the CBIR is to bridge the gap between low level features
and high level semantics according to the need of the user. To overcome this gap, relevance …

Rapid development of multimedia technologies made Content Based Image Retrieval
(CBIR) an energetic research area for the researchers of multimedia domain. Texture and …

Image databases have been a significant part of systems or applications in many fields
including education, forensics and medical sciences. However, due to the increase in the …

Recently, various improvements have been made in the way of modern optimization. Some
promising techniques include, to name but a few, evolutionary programming, artificial …

With the technological revolution in the 21 st century, time and distance of communication
are decreased by using electronic mail (e-mail). Furthermore, the growing use of e-mail has …

abstract Artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) is one of the state-of-the-art swarm
intelligence algorithms that is widely used for optimization purposes in static environments …