Difficulty (or called mental load, cognitive effort) has been an importance topic in translation
and interpreting process research. This article first clarifies conceptual issues and reviews …

The current reintroduction of the concept of 'literal translation'is an important development for
two main reasons. Firstly, it has led to a range of intriguing empirical findings. Secondly, this …

The present work explores computer-assisted simultaneous interpreting (CASI) from a
primarily cognitive perspective. Despite concerns over the potentially negative impact of …

This chapter reviews research on bilingualism and multilingualism discussing working
memory, the multilingual lexicon, language control and lexical selection, and the cognitive …

Investigating translation and interpreting from the perspective of a non-computational theory
of cognition requires continuing development of the requisite theoretical constructs. As part …

The definition and effect of translation literality (word-for-word translation, as opposed to
sense-for-sense translation) have been a topic in translation studies for very many years …

This chapter focuses primarily on the production and reception of the written word in
translation and subtitling because the methodologies the authors investigate are biased …

Translation process research (TPR) efforts seem at times unconcerned with the theoretical
foundations they need to interpret their results. A pervasive theoretical approach within TPR …

We propose three linguistically motivated metrics to quantify syntactic equivalence between
a source sentence and its translation. Firstly, syntactically aware cross (SACr) measures the …

To advance the state of the art in translation process research, Toury (2004) requests the
formulation of “probabilistic explanations in translation studies”. This chapter develops these …