During the past 40 years, cytokines and cytokine receptors have been extensively
investigated as either cancer targets or cancer treatments. A strong preclinical rationale …

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenic population of immature
myeloid cells with immunosuppressive effects, which undergo massive expansion during …

The immune system is the core defense against cancer development and progression.
Failure of the immune system to recognize and eliminate malignant cells plays an important …

Early in the 1980s several laboratories mistakenly reported that partially purified interleukin-
1 (IL-1) was chemotactic for neutrophils. However, further investigations by us, revealed that …

Chemokines are an indispensable component of our immune system through the regulation
of directional migration and activation of leukocytes. CXCL8 is the most potent human …

Natural killer (NK) cells, which are innate lymphocytes endowed with potent cytotoxic
activity, have recently attracted attention as potential anticancer therapeutics. While NK cells …

Abstract Non-enzymatic chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (CHI3L1) belongs to glycoside hydrolase
family 18. It binds to chitin, heparin, and hyaluronic acid, and is regulated by extracellular …

Cytokines are soluble proteins that mediate cell-to-cell communication. Based on the
discovery of the potent anti-tumour activities of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in animal …

Radiotherapy is a mainstay cancer therapy whose antitumor effects partially depend on T
cell responses. However, the role of Natural Killer (NK) cells in radiotherapy remains …

Wnt signaling is one of the central mechanisms regulating tissue morphogenesis during
embryogenesis and repair. The pivot of this signaling cascade is the Wnt ligand, which binds …