The mechanisms of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 are still unclear. In this review, we
examine potential mechanisms that may explain why the sense of smell is lost or altered …

Anosmia, the loss of the sense of smell, is one of the main neurological manifestations of
COVID-19. Although the SARS-CoV-2 virus targets the nasal olfactory epithelium, current …

Anosmia was identified as a hallmark of COVID-19 early in the pandemic, however, with the
emergence of variants of concern, the clinical profile induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection has …

Objective Peroxisome injury occurs in the central nervous system (CNS) during multiple
virus infections that result in neurological disabilities. We investigated host neuroimmune …

Long COVID (LC) is a condition in which patients do not fully recover from the initial SARS-
CoV-2 infection but rather have persistent or new symptoms for months to years following …

Sinonasal diseases, such as rhinosinusitis, affect up to 12% of individuals each year which
constitutes these diseases as some of the most common medical conditions in the world …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the start of the …

COVID-19 causes neurological damage, systemic inflammation, and immune cell
abnormalities. COVID-19-induced neurological impairment may be caused by severe acute …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects 7-10 million
individuals worldwide. A common early symptom of PD is olfactory dysfunction (OD), and …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been ongoing for more than 3
years, with an enormous impact on global health and economies. In some patients …