Anticancer nanomedicines have been proven effective in mitigating the side effects of
chemotherapeutic drugs. However, challenges remain in augmenting their therapeutic …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are critical in promoting tumor progression and
therapeutic resistance. In adapting to metabolic changes in the tumor microenvironment …

T cell subsets adapt and rewire their metabolism according to their functions and
surrounding microenvironment. Whereas naive T cells rely on mitochondrial metabolic …

Although targeting the tumor metabolism is performed in cooperation with immunotherapy in
the era of precision oncology, ignorance of immune cells' metabolism has resulted in …

T cells are integral in mediating adaptive immunity to infection, autoimmunity, and cancer.
Upon immune challenge, T cells exit from a quiescent state, followed by clonal expansion …

Diet, serving as a vital source of nutrients, exerts a profound influence on human health and
disease progression. Recently, dietary interventions have emerged as promising adjunctive …

Solid tumors have a unique tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes hypoxia, low
acidity, and high hydrogen peroxide and glutathione (GSH) levels, among others. These …

The immune microenvironment plays a vital role in bone defect repair. To create an immune
microenvironment that promotes osteogenesis, researchers are exploring ways to enhance …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive T cell therapies have been valuable additions to
the toolbox in the fight against cancer. These treatments have profoundly increased the …

Although tumor immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic method for
oncology, it encounters several limitations, especially concerning low response rates and …