Lithium niobate (LN), an outstanding and versatile material, has influenced our daily life for
decades—from enabling high-speed optical communications that form the backbone of the …

Lithium niobate (LN) has experienced significant developments during past decades due to
its versatile properties, especially its large electro-optic (EO) coefficient. For example, bulk …

Integrated photonics will play a key role in quantum systems as they grow from few-qubit
prototypes to tens of thousands of qubits. The underlying optical quantum technologies can …

Electro-optic modulators (EOMs) convert signals from the electrical to the optical domain.
They are at the heart of optical communication, microwave signal processing, sensing, and …

Lithium niobate (LiNbO3 or LN) is a well-known multifunctional crystal that has been widely
applied in various areas of photonics, electronics, and optoelectronics. In the past …

Recent advances in photonic integrated circuits have enabled a new generation of
programmable Mach–Zehnder meshes (MZMs) realized by using cascaded Mach–Zehnder …

Early experiments with transiting circular Rydberg atoms in a superconducting resonator laid
the foundations of modern cavity and circuit quantum electrodynamics, and helped explore …

Photons at microwave and optical frequencies are principal carriers for quantum information.
While microwave photons can be effectively controlled at the local circuit level, optical …

The absence of the single-photon nonlinearity has been a major roadblock in developing
quantum photonic circuits at optical frequencies. In this paper, we demonstrate a periodically …

Due to its properties, lithium niobate is one of the most suitable material platforms for the
implementation of integrated optical quantum circuits. With the commercialization of lithium …