Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. The pathophysiology of
this disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β, leading to the formation of …

Low back pain (LBP) is a common disease that imposes a huge social and economic
burden on people. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) is often considered to be …

Owing to the inherent shortcomings of traditional therapeutic drugs in terms of inadequate
therapeutic efficacy and toxicity in clinical treatment, nanomedicine designs have received …

As a progressive, irreversible neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD)
continues to be a serious public health problem worldwide. Currently, the most available …

Dietary polyphenols encompass a diverse range of secondary metabolites found in nature,
such as fruits, vegetables, herbal teas, wine, and cocoa products, etc. Structurally, they are …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial disorder that poses a substantial
burden on patients, caregivers, and society. Considering the increased aging population …

Highlights•Active targeting uses ligands to target drugs to particular tissues or
cells.•Antibodies are commonly used targeting ligands which are bulky and difficult to …

Neurons and their connecting axons gradually degenerate in neurodegenerative diseases
(NDs), leading to dysfunctionality of the neuronal cells and eventually their death. Drug …

Central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's
disease (PD), glioblastoma (GBM), and peripheral nerve injury have been documented as …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's
disease, frontotemporal dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are some of the most …