The regulation of gene expression is fundamental for life. Whereas the role of transcriptional
regulation of gene expression has been studied for several decades, it has been clear over …

BACKGROUND The integrated stress response (ISR) is an evolutionarily conserved
intracellular signaling network that helps the cell, tissue, and organism to adapt to a variable …

Gene therapy is a potentially curative medicine for many currently untreatable diseases, and
recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is the most successful gene delivery vehicle for …

Innate DNA sensing via the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase–stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS–
STING) mechanism surveys microbial invasion and cellular damage and thus participates in …

In response to diverse stress stimuli, eukaryotic cells activate a common adaptive pathway,
termed the integrated stress response (ISR), to restore cellular homeostasis. The core event …

GDF15 is an established biomarker of cellular stress. The fact that it signals via a specific
hindbrain receptor, GFRAL, and that mice lacking GDF15 manifest diet-induced obesity …

The eukaryotic 5′ untranslated region (UTR) is critical for ribosome recruitment to the
messenger RNA (mRNA) and start codon choice and plays a major role in the control of …

Translational reprogramming allows organisms to adapt to changing conditions. Upstream
start codons (uAUGs), which are prevalently present in mRNAs, have crucial roles in …

A central mechanism regulating translation initiation in response to environmental stress
involves phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) …

The study of eukaryotic tRNA processing has given rise to an explosion of new information
and insights in the last several years. We now have unprecedented knowledge of each step …