Methods: articles from MEDLINE and pre-prints published from January to April 2020 were
identified. Results: data from China showed that men had more severe outcomes of COVID …

Background Smoking is a risk factor for most respiratory infections, but it may protect against
SARS-CoV-2 infection. The objective was to assess whether smoking and e-cigarette use …

Introduction Health information about COVID-19 has been circulating in social networking
sites, including unproven claims that smoking and alcohol drinking could protect against …

Since December 2019, humankind has been experiencing a ravaging severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, the second coronavirus …

Abstract Introduction The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection is caused by the novel
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affecting the …

Abstract Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the binding-site and entry-point for
SARS-CoV-2 in human and highly expressed in the lung. Cigarette smoking (CS) is the …

SARS-CoV-2 is a new coronavirus that has caused a worldwide pandemic. It produces
severe acute respiratory disease (COVID-19), which is fatal in many cases, characterised by …

The small molecule macrocyclic lactone ivermectin, approved by the US Food and Drug
Administration for parasitic infections, has received renewed attention in the last eight years …

During the pandemic, the world's media have publicized preliminary findings suggesting that
tobacco use is protective against COVID-19. An ad hoc multidisciplinary group was created …

Background Understanding risk factors of symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-
19) vis-à-vis asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) …