High voltage direct current (HVDC) systems are efficient solutions for the integration of large-
scale renewable energy sources with the main power grids. The rapid development of the …

Voltage source converter–based multiterminal dc (MTdc) grids, including high-and medium-
voltage levels, have attracted attention in recent years and developed fast. To protect the …

The emergence of power electronics has lead to a paradigm shift toward dc grids, which are
widely recognized to provide better performance and efficiency. However, fault isolation is …

DC technologies will be essential building blocks for future DC distribution networks. As in
any DC system, these networks will face crucial threats imposed by short-circuit DC faults …

Direct current (dc) power system protection presents a major challenge due to its unique
characteristics, namely the absence of natural zero current crossing points. Thanks to their …

A dc circuit breaker (DCCB), which can interrupt a fault current, is the key equipment in a
voltage source converter-based high-voltage dc (VSC-HVDC) transmission system …

Semiconductor-based solid-state power controllers (SSPCs) are a promising solution for dc
system protection. During the connection of capacitive loads there is an inrush current …

Dealing with the fast-rising current of high voltage direct current (HVdc) systems during fault
conditions, is one of the most challenging aspects of HVdc system protection. Fast dc circuit …

Since the multiport hybrid dc circuit breaker (HCB) can share the expensive main breaker
among multiple adjacent lines, it is considered as a more cost-efficient choice than typical …

Considering the voltage source characteristics of the converters in the flexible DC grid, the
current-limiting reactors are usually placed on the DC line terminals to limit the fault current …